the Celestial sphere is the discussion of objects in the sky that allow you to imagine them attached to a sphere surrounding the earth. this sphere has a bunch of points in it. just as we rotate in a direction the sphere rotates east to west.
The path of the Sun across the celestial sphere is very close to that of the planets and the moon. After clocks became available, it was a relatively straightforward job for astronomers to relate the path of the Sun in the daytime to the one of stars at night, and to draw it on their star charts. Because of its relation to eclipses, that path is known as the ecliptic
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